Summary of the lesson on the poem by N. V. Gogol " Dead Souls».
(grade 9)
Topic: “My heroes follow one after another…” Images of Korobochka and Nozdryov.
Target: analyze the images of Korobochka and Nozdrev.
Tasks:
to reveal the methods of describing the characters of the landowners, the internal logic of creating images;
to teach the ability to determine the principles of typification of social phenomena;
engage students in research work.
Lesson structure:
1 . organizational stage.
2. Checking homework.
3. Theme announcementand lesson objectives.
4. Repetition of the past.
5. Work in notebooks.
6. Summing up the lesson.
7. Homework.
During the classes
1. Organizational stage.
1. Preparing students for work in the classroom.
2. Mutual greetings between teacher and students.
3. Visual control of readiness for the lesson.
2. Checking homework.
3. Theme announcement and lesson objectives.
The theme of our lesson: "Images of the Box and Nozdryov." We continue to work on the analysis of literary images, we will try to understand the author's satirical position, which permeates the entire work.
4. Repetition of the past. (Chapter II, Manilov)
At the last lesson, we met the first landowner Chichikov visited - Manilov. We agreed that we would characterize the landowners according to a certain plan:
a) description of appearance (portrait);
b) the nature of the landowner;
in)features of behavior and speech;
G)relationships with others;
e)description of the estate;
f) the outcome of the transaction.
Do not forget that Gogol, drawing the life of contemporary Russia, goes through a careful study of the little things, shows them in close-up, exaggerates, as he sees in them an expression of the essence of the surrounding reality. This is the so-called artistic detail.
5. Work in notebooks.
Analysis literary image. Box.
In the chapter on Korobochka we shall see a different type of character, which, at first sight, differs from that of Manilov; because, following our plan, we will not be able to immediately find character traits in the text, artistic details, which would confirm the obvious satirical orientation.
But this is the peculiarity of a talented work: with the help of artistic research, we learn to be smart readers. So, let's turn to our tables.
( “The hostess came in, an elderly woman, in some kind of sleeping cap, put on hastily, with a flannel around her neck, one of those mothers, small landowners who cry for crop failures, losses and hold their heads a little to one side, and meanwhile they are gaining a little money in variegated pouches” (the portrait merges with the character). “She was dressed better than yesterday - in a dark dress and no longer in a sleeping cap, but everything was also tied around her neck.” The unexpected guest took Nastasya Petrovna by surprise, in the morning she appeared in a more decent form. The flannel around her neck speaks of her age, her secluded home lifestyle in the wilderness.)
b) the nature of the landowner.( Gogol does not hide the irony regarding her mental abilities: she thought, opened her mouth, looked almost with fear. "Well, the woman seems to be strong-browed!" A different and respectable, and even statesman man, but in reality it turns out perfect box . As he hacked something into his head, then nothing could overpower him; no matter how you present him with arguments, clear as day, everything bounces off him, like a rubber ball bounces off a wall. The essence of Korobochka's character is especially visible through the dialogic speech of the characters. The dialogue between Korobochka and Chichikov is a masterpiece of comedy art. This conversation can be called a dialogue of the deaf.)
in)(The box is “one of those mothers, small landowners who cry for crop failures, losses” (this is how she characterizes her), and this is perfectly reflected in her speech. keep it." "What a pity, really, that I sold honey to merchants so cheaply."
Korobochka's speech reflects her stupidity and ignorance, fear of the new, unusual, fear of the offer to sell dead souls: "Really, I don't know, because I've never sold the dead;". “It has never happened to sell me the dead”; "Right, I'm afraid. At first, so as not to incur a loss somehow.
Sometimes Korobochka's speech reveals the extreme primitiveness of her thoughts, reaching some kind of childish naivety. “Do you want to dig them out of the ground?” she asks Chichikov about the dead. Or in another place: “Or maybe they’ll need it somehow on the farm for the occasion.” In Korobochka's speech there are many colloquial words and expressions: salty, theirs, twist, small fry, something, manenko, maybe, with which you sip some tea; I won’t take it for granted; apply to prices; I won’t clean up everything, what should I do, etc. It is known what a magical effect the word “nobleman” had on Korobochka, which made her unlock the gate even at a late hour and let Chichikov, who had gone astray, into her bed for the night.)
G)relationships with others. (Korobochka, an old-time feudal landowner living in a "decent backwoods", keeps the elementary principles of landowner hospitality and shows in the scene with Chichikov the features of cordiality necessary for her environment. Hence her appeal to Chichikov: “my father”, “father”. She graciously turns to Chichikov with suggestions: “Would you like to drink tea, father?” “Here, sit down, father, on this sofa.” “Isn’t it necessary to rub your back with something?” “Is there anything else you need?” At night, she wishes the guest “good night”, in the morning she graciously greets: “Hello, father. How did you rest?" Korobochka knows all her peasants who have died since the last revision tale; knows who was what kind of master, laments that the people died all the artisan.)
e)description of the estate.( The room was hung with old striped wallpaper; pictures with some birds; between the windows there are small antique mirrors with dark frames in the form of curled leaves; behind every mirror there was either a letter, or an old pack of cards, or a stocking. In the morning ... now I noticed that not all of the paintings were birds: between them hung a portrait of Kutuzov and a written oil paints some old man with red cuffs on his uniform, as they sewed under Pavel Petrovich. The narrow courtyard was full of birds and all sorts of domestic creatures. Turkeys and chickens were innumerable. The chicken coop was blocked by a wooden fence, behind which stretched spacious vegetable gardens with cabbage, onions, potatoes, light and other household vegetables. Apple trees and other fruit trees were scattered here and there in the garden. The village is a source of honey, lard, hemp, which Korobochka sells. She also trades with peasants. )
e) the result of the transaction.( Stupidly, unshakably, with conviction, Korobochka does its job - it sells, eats, sleeps, saves, saves, saves ... It is characteristic that the trade itself “ dead souls”she was not embarrassed: she is ready to trade in the dead, only she is afraid to sell too cheap. It is characterized by tedious slowness and caution. She went to the city to find out how much they sell now " dead souls”. It turns out that landlord thrift can have the same inhuman meaning as mismanagement. )
Analysis of the literary image. Nozdrev.
The gallery of dead souls is continued in Nozdrev's poem.
a) description of appearance (portrait).( Like other landlords, he is internally empty, age does not concern him: “Nozdryov at thirty-five years old was the same perfect as he was at eighteen and twenty: a hunter for a walk.” Medium height, very well-built fellow with full ruddy cheeks, teeth as white as snow, and sideburns as black as pitch. He was fresh as blood and milk; health seemed to spurt from his face. Chichikov notices that one of Nozdryov's whiskers was smaller and not as thick as the other (the result of another fight).
b) the nature of the landowner.( Nozdryov is a rubbish man, Nozdryov can lie, add, dissolve the devil knows what, some more gossip will come out. Passion for lies and card game largely explains the fact that not a single meeting, where Nozdryov was present, could do without “history”.)
in)features of behavior and speech.( Almost all of his speech is empty chatter, sheer lies. "I alone drank seventeen bottles of champagne in the course of dinner." “In this field of the Rusaks, such a death that the earth is not visible; I myself caught one by the hind legs with my own hands. It is noted in the speech of Nozdryov, who rotates among the reveling officers, "echoes" of the "army" language: "how they had a spree"; "Bordeaux calls simply a burdashka"; "you will be cruelly taken aback"; "in the mouth.. . as if the squadron had spent the night. The following features are characteristic of Nozdryov's speech: abrupt transitions from one feeling to another, for example, he says to Chichikov: “You are a pig for this, a kind of cattle breeder! Kiss me, soul, death loves you." Sketchy, unfinished sentences, showing that his words can't keep up with his flying thoughts.)
G)relationships with others.( Everyone had to meet a lot of such people. They are called broken fellows, they are known even in childhood and at school for good comrades, and for all that they are very painfully beaten. They soon get acquainted, and before you have time to look back, they already tell you "you". Friendship will start, it seems, forever: but it almost always happens that the one who makes friends will fight with them that same evening at a friendly feast. They are always talkers, revelers, reckless people, prominent people. His marriage did not change him at all, especially since wife soon went to the next world, leaving two children who he decidedly did not need. The children were looked after by a cute nanny. He could not sit at home for more than a day. The closer anyone got along with him, the sooner he would piss everyone off: he would spread a fable, more stupid than which it is difficult to invent, upset a wedding, a trade deal, and did not at all consider himself your enemy; on the contrary, if chance brought him to meet with you again, he treated you again in a friendly way and even said: “You are such a scoundrel, you will never come to me.”)
e)description of the estate. ( In the middle of the dining-room stood wooden goats, and two peasants, standing on them, whitewashed the walls, singing some endless song; the floor was all splattered with whitewash. The village of Nozdryova - in a little over two hours showed absolutely everything, so there was nothing left to show. First of all, they went to inspect the stable, where they saw two mares, one dappled gray, the other brown, then a bay stallion, unprepossessing in appearance, but for which Nozdryov swore that he had paid ten thousand. Empty stalls where there were also good horses before. A goat was seen in the same stable. A wolf cub, who was on a leash, whom Nozdryov feeds with raw meat so that he would be a perfect beast. A pond in which, according to Nozdryov, there were fish of such size that two people could hardly pull out a piece. There are all sorts of dogs in the yard, both thick-dogs and pure-dogs, of all possible colors and stripes. The field, which in many places consisted of tussocks. An office, in which, however, there were no noticeable traces of what happens in an office, that is, books or paper; only sabers and two guns hung - one worth three hundred and the other eight hundred rubles. Turkish daggers. Even lunch consists of dishes that are burnt or, on the contrary, not cooked. ) Chichikov left with nothing. But by no means because he was outraged by the illegality of the deal proposed by Chichikov. He just can't think about it, can't get out beyond the limits of his usual concepts . This expressively sets off the reception mechanical repetition of remarks: “buy a stallion from me”; “Well, then buy dogs”; “so buy a hurdy-gurdy”, etc. Himself the passion with which he offers To Chichikov, all sorts of ways to get "dead souls", from selling a britzka to playing checkers, eloquently convinces not only of Nozdryov's spiritual worthlessness and cynicism, but also of his complete indifference to the fate of his peasants, whether dead or alive - all the same. )
6. Summing up the lesson.
The inner world of Nastasya Petrovna Korobochka is empty and shallow. The soullessness of this landowner is reflected in her pettiness. The only thing that worries Korobochka is the price of hemp and honey. About her late husband, she can only remember that he loved to have a girl scratching his heels on his leg. This is especially manifested by her isolation from people, complete indifference
The third landowner from whom Chichikov is trying to buy dead souls is Nozdryov. This is a dashing 35-year-old "talker, reveler, reckless driver." Nozdryov constantly lies, bullies everyone indiscriminately. He is very passionate, ready to "shit" to the best friend without any purpose. All the behavior of Nozdrev is explained by his dominant quality: "briskness and glibness of character." This landowner does not conceive or plan anything, he simply does not know the measure in anything.
7. Homework
Prepare a characterization of Sobakevich and Plyushkin.
An elderly landowner living in the vicinity of the city of N is a colorful and recognizable character. The life goals of a widow who manages her own estate is to get as much money as possible in every possible way. Therefore, the old woman sells dead souls without hesitation. The only thing that worries the lady is whether she has sold too cheap.
History of creation
For the first time, the landowner Korobochka appears in the work "Dead Souls" in the third chapter. The old woman does not occupy a central place in the work, while the author has invested a large amount of contempt in the resulting image.
However, with a negative attitude towards the character, Gogol recognized the household talents of the landowner:
“The collegiate registrar Korobochka, who had not read any books except the Book of Hours, and even then with sin in half, without learning any fine arts, except perhaps fortune telling on cards, knew how, however, to fill chests and boxes with rubles.”
The late analysis of "Dead Souls", where Nastasya Korobochka appears in all its splendor, inspired writers to build various theories. For example, he claims that Gogol's work correlates with the creation of the Odyssey.
In this version, the old landowner is an analogue of the ancient Greek character Circe. The Greek woman poisoned her husband and established a strict order in her own possessions. The same behavior is characteristic of Nastasya Korobochka, who, for all her outward stupidity, is shown to be a real skilled housewife. However, no evidence similar to Bykov's conclusions has been found.
First published in 1842, the work still does not lose its relevance. Based on the novel-poem, films are regularly shot, performances are staged and operas are created.
"Dead Souls"
Nastasya Petrovna Korobochka is a landowner who leads a relatively secluded life. The biography of an elderly lady is not filled with bright events. Nastasya Petrovna married a collegiate secretary at an early age and, after many years of stable marriage, became a widow. A woman runs a household located between the estates and.
In Gogol's work, Nastasya Petrovna appears at the moment when Chichikov - main character novel - goes astray and is forced to look for a place to sleep. Active Nastasya Petrovna, despite a stable income, is concerned about her own financial condition, so she tries to sell various products to guests.
The inner state of a woman is reflected in her appearance. The fussy landowner does not pay attention and time to the wardrobe. At the first meeting with Chichikov, the heroine does not strive to make a good impression. Doesn't waste time on clothes Box and after:
“She was better dressed than yesterday - in a dark dress and no longer in a sleeping cap, but there was still something imposed on her neck.”
The main activity of Nastasya Petrovna is her own household. Despite constant complaints, the landowner skillfully leads the peasants. The woman grows a variety of vegetables and fruits, the yard is full of poultry. The life of the peasants of Korobochka is subject to a strict routine. People either work in the fields or sell their own goods to neighboring estates: honey, flour, meat, feathers.
A caring hostess takes care of the smallest details. Stuffed animals were installed in the landowner's fields to scare away crows, and spare carts were hidden in the barns so that the harvest would not stop even in an emergency.
Korobochka's house, like the household, is kept in strict order. A small estate is guarded by a pack of dogs, every breakdown is immediately corrected. However, the petty Korobochka looks after both her own estate and the village. Unlike her neighbors, the landowner takes care of the huts of the peasants.
With such a correct and thoughtful approach to housekeeping, Nastasya Petrovna does not differ in mental abilities. An elderly woman is petty, selfish and obsessed with thoughts of constant deception from acquaintances and strangers. Similar traits in character complicate communication with the landowner:
“... one of those mothers, small landowners who cry for crop failures, losses and keep their heads somewhat to one side, and meanwhile they are gaining a little money in motley bags placed in drawers of chests of drawers ...”
A woman's favorite pastime, in addition to counting her own fortune, is fortune telling on cards. At the same time, Korobochka believes in God and claims that the devil met because of the cards.
After the first communication with Chichikov, the old woman worries about whether she sold too cheap with the sale of dead souls. Such a thought does not leave the landowner, and she, having abandoned her own affairs, goes to the city to find out how much the goods actually cost.
The old woman's questions lead to the spread of rumors, which acquire new incredible details and bring the situation to the point of absurdity.
Screen adaptations
Transferred to film in 1960 theatrical production"Dead Souls" 1932. The film was directed by Leonid Trauberg. The idea of Gogol was embodied by the artists of the Moscow Art Academic Theater. . The role of the Box went to the actress.
Eight years later, in 1968, director Alexander Belinsky turned to the classic story. The screen adaptation was aired as part of the Theater on Screen project. The role of the colorful Box was played by the actress Claudia Fadeeva.
In 1984, the Dead Souls series was released, based on the first volume of Gogol's work of the same name. The plot of the film is as close as possible to the original source. The role of the landowner was played by an actress.
In 2005, the premiere of The Case of Dead Souls took place on the NTV channel. The series also touches on the creation of the same name by Gogol, and several other works of the author. Critics did not appreciate the work of the director and spoke negatively. The role of the Box got the actress.
- The name of the heroine in the work of Gogol has a hidden meaning. Researchers of the writer's work claim that the character has become a kind of trap (or a box from which one cannot get out) for Chichikov.
Illustration for Gogol's book "Dead Souls" - The protagonist bought 18 souls from the landowner for 15 rubles.
- Unlike other characters, the elderly landowner remembers the names of the dead peasants by heart.
- The lack of development of the heroine Gogol displayed with the help of flies. Despite the cleanliness of the house, insects constantly fly around the characters, personifying stagnation and lack of development.
- Perhaps Korobochka suffers from a serious psychological illness. Nothing is lost in the landowner's household, not even a hissing clock and ancient unknown portraits. Psychologists call this phenomenon pathological hoarding.
Quotes
“My such an inexperienced widow’s business! I’d better wait a little while, perhaps merchants will come in large numbers, but I’ll try on prices. ”
“Honest to God, the product is so strange, completely unprecedented!”
“Last week, my blacksmith burned down, such a skilled blacksmith knew locksmith skills.”
“Ah, so you are a buyer! What a pity, really, that I sold honey to merchants so cheaply, but you, my father, would surely buy it from me.
Article menu:
The image of the landowner Nastasya Petrovna Korobochka successfully complements the collage of characteristic types of landowners. It cannot be said that she is endowed with negative qualities, but she cannot be ranked among pleasant personalities either.
Despite the complexity of her personality, against the background of all the other landowners, she looks like one of the most attractive in terms of housekeeping and attitude towards serfs.
Personality characteristic
We do not know what Korobochka was like in her youth; in the story, Gogol is limited to an episodic description of her character at a certain time slice, bypassing the entire process of its formation.
Dear readers! On our site you can read about the poem “Dead Souls” described in the poem by Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol.
The box is noticeably distinguished by frugality and a penchant for order. In her estate, everything is in good order - however, the things used both in everyday life and in the interior of the landowner are not new, but this does not bother the old woman. With particular pleasure, she complains about everything in the world - bad harvests, lack of money, although, in fact, everything is not so deplorable: “one of those mothers, small landowners who cry for crop failures, losses and keep their heads somewhat In this way, little by little, money is collected in motley bags placed in drawers of chests of drawers.
Nastasya Petrovna is not distinguished by an extraordinary mind - the aristocrats surrounding her consider her a stupid old woman. This is true - Korobochka is really a stupid and uneducated woman. The landowner is distrustful of everything new - first of all, in the actions of people, she seeks to see some kind of catch - in this way she "saves" herself from trouble in the future.
The box is notable for its special stubbornness, it refers to those people who “as soon as you hack something into your head, you can’t overpower him with anything; no matter how you present him with arguments, clear as day, everything bounces off him, like a rubber ball bounces off a wall.
Nastasya Petrovna is a controversial nature - on the one hand, she is attached to religion (believes in the existence of God and the devil, prays and is baptized), but at the same time she does not neglect fortune telling on cards, which is not encouraged by religion.
A family
It is difficult to say something about the Korobochka family - Gogol provides too little information on this matter. It is reliably known that Nastasya Petrovna was married, but her husband died and at the time of the story she is a widow. It is likely that she has children, most likely due to the age of the landowner and Chichikov's lack of memories of the presence of children in the house, they are already adults and live separately. Their names, age and gender are not specified in the text. The only mention of them is found together with the mention of Korobochka's sister, who lives in Moscow: "my sister brought warm boots for children from there: such a durable product, it is still worn."
Manor Boxes
The manor and Korobochka's house - oddly enough, among all the houses of landlords, it looks like one of the most attractive. It should be clarified that such an assessment does not concern the aesthetic appearance, but the state of the estate. The village of Korobochki is notable for its well-maintained houses and buildings: dilapidated elements of peasant houses were replaced with new ones, the gates to the estate were also repaired. Houses and buildings do not look as massive as those of Sobakevich, but they are not of particular aesthetic value either. Korobochka owns about 80 serfs.
This number is noticeably inferior to the rich landowners of the county, such as Plyushkina, but this does not significantly affect the income of the estate. Chichikov was pleasantly surprised by the state of the village: "You have a good village, mother."
Korobochka's household also pleasantly surprises with its diversity and well-groomedness. The box successfully sells vegetables and fruits. She has “gardens with cabbage, onions, potatoes, beets and other household vegetables. Apple trees and other fruit trees were scattered here and there in the garden.
You can also observe a variety of grown cereals. In addition, Korobochka is confidently engaged in animal husbandry - she also has various birds (“There were no number of turkeys and chickens; a rooster walked between them” and pigs. Korobochka is engaged in beekeeping and grows hemp for sale for the production of ropes and ropes.
Box House
The House of the Box is not distinguished by pomp or grace. The house is guarded by a pack of dogs that react violently to all strangers, so, for example, when Chichikov arrived, the dogs "filled with all possible voices." It is small in size, its windows overlook the courtyard, so it is impossible to admire the view from the window. The roof of the house is wooden, Chichikov, who came to Korobochka in the rain, noted that raindrops were loudly knocking on his roof. A barrel was placed near the drain, in which rainwater was collected.
Since Chichikov arrived at the Korobochki estate in the evening, and also in bad weather, it was impossible to find out about the nuances of the appearance of the landowner's house.
On our website you can read about the poem by Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol "Dead Souls".
The inside of the house was not attractive. The wallpaper there was old, however, like all the furniture. Pictures hung on the walls - “the pictures were not all birds: between them hung a portrait of Kutuzov and some old man painted in oils with red cuffs on his uniform, as they sewed under Pavel Petrovich.” The decor was complemented by mirrors, “with dark frames in the form of curled leaves”, behind which were placed all sorts of necessary little things in the form of a letter or a stocking. The watches made a special impression - they also did not differ in novelty, and the sounds made by them were similar to the hissing of snakes. The clock struck no less unpleasantly: "as if someone were beating a broken pot with a stick."
Attitude towards peasants
The number of Korobochka's serfs is not so great - about 80 people. The lady knows them all by name. Korobochka is always actively engaged in the affairs of her estate and takes a direct part in all the works. It is impossible to find descriptions of the attitude towards the peasants in the text, but the way the landowner describes her dead souls suggests that Korobochka does not have a bad attitude towards the serfs.
Since the last census, she has accumulated 18 "dead souls". According to the landowner, they were good people They did their jobs well and worked hard. The box is sincerely sorry that they died. Especially Koval, who burned down the other day from alcohol - he was a good worker.
In appearance, the peasants of Korobochka are also noticeably different - all the men whom Chichikov managed to see were of a strong physique, stocky and endowed with exorbitant strength.
The image of Nastasya Petrovna Korobochka is one of the most attractive and controversial. On the one hand, she is a caring mistress of her estate. Korobochka, to the best of reason, takes care of her peasants. All the buildings on her estate, although not new, have been qualitatively repaired, and the fortresses do not look downtrodden. On the other hand, the old woman does not have the most pleasant character - she is stupid and limited, likes to constantly complain, which tires her interlocutor.
We meet Korobochka in the 3rd chapter of Gogol's novel-poem Dead Souls. She is the second in a row to whom Chichikov pays a visit. In fact, Chichikov drove into her estate by accident - the coachman got drunk, "walked up", as the author himself characterizes this event, and lost his way. Therefore, instead of Sobakevich, the main character meets the landowner Korobochka.
Consider the image of the Box in detail
She is a woman of respectable years, a widow, in the past a "collegiate secretary." She lives alone on her estate and is completely absorbed in housekeeping. Most likely, she does not have her own children, since Gogol mentions in the description of the character that all her “trash” accumulated during her life will go to some great-niece.
It looks old-fashioned and a little ridiculous, “in a cap”, “flannel”, “something is imposed on the neck”.
Korobochka, unlike Manilov, successfully manages the household herself. Through the eyes of Chichikov, we see that the houses in her village are strong, the serfs are “heavy” (strong), there are many guard dogs, which indicates that this is a “decent village”. The yard is full of poultry, and vegetable gardens stretch behind the fence - cabbage, beets, onions, potatoes. There are also fruit trees, carefully covered with nets from voracious magpies and sparrows. For the same purpose, stuffed animals were also installed. Gogol ironically notes that one of the effigies was wearing the cap of the hostess herself.
The houses of the peasants were maintained and updated - Chichikov saw a new board on the roofs, the gates stood straight everywhere, carts stood in some yards. That is, the master's care is visible everywhere. In total, Korobochka had 80 serfs, 18 died, about which the hostess greatly laments - they were good workers.
Korobochka does not allow serfs to be lazy - Chichikov's featherbed was fluffed up masterfully, in the morning, when he returns to the living room where he spent the night, everything is already tidied up; the table is bursting with baking.
The fact that the landowner is in order and everything is under her personal control, we see from the dialogue about buying dead souls - she remembers all the dead peasants by their first and last names, she doesn’t even keep any records.
Despite the fact that Korobochka is very fond of complaining about how bad things are, her estate also had surpluses that were sold to merchants and dealers. From the dialogue with Chichikov, we learn that the landowner sells honey, hemp, feathers, meat, flour, cereals, lard. She knows how to bargain, she sells a pood of honey at a very expensive price, as much as 12 rubles, which Chichikov is very surprised at.
Nastasya Petrovna is thrifty and even a little stingy. Despite the fact that things are going well on the estate, the situation in the house is very modest, the wallpaper is old, the clock is creaky. Despite the polite treatment and hospitality, Korobochka did not offer the guest to have dinner, referring to the late time. And in the morning he offers Chichikov only tea, albeit with fruit tincture. Only feeling the benefit - when Chichikov promised to buy "household products" from her - Korobochka decided to appease him and ordered him to bake a pie and pancakes. And also set the table with different pastries.
Gogol writes that her dress "will not burn down and will not be worn out by itself." Complaining about poverty and crop failures, she, nevertheless, saves money in "variegated bags" that she stuffs into chest of drawers. All coins are carefully sorted - "solid coins, fifty dollars, quarters" are laid out separately in bags. In everything, the old landowner is trying to find a benefit - noticing Chichikov's stamped paper, she asks him "to give a leaf."
The box is pious and superstitious. In a thunderstorm, he puts a candle in front of the icon and prays; gets scared when Chichikov mentions the devil in a conversation.
She is not too smart and a little suspicious, she is very afraid of miscalculating and selling too cheap. She doubts the deal with Chichikov and does not want to sell dead souls to him, even though she has to pay for them as if they were alive. He naively thinks that other merchants can come and offer a better price. This deal completely exhausted Chichikov, and in the process of negotiations, he calls Korobochka mentally and aloud "strong-headed", "club-headed", "pooch in the hay" and "damned old woman".
The image of Korobochka is interesting in that it is a fairly common type in Russia during Gogol's time. Its main features - stubbornness, stupidity and narrow-mindedness, were also inherent in real personalities - some officials and civil servants. The author writes about such people that you seem to see a respectable and stately person, but in reality it turns out to be a “perfect box”. Arguments and arguments bounce off them like a "rubber" ball.
The description of the landowner ends with a reflection on the topic, is it possible to believe that Korobochka is at the very bottom of the "ladder of" human perfection "? Gogol compares her with an aristocratic sister who lives in a rich and refined house, who reads books, attends social events, and her thoughts are occupied by "fashionable Catholicism" and political upheavals in France, rather than economic affairs. The author does not give a specific answer to this question; the reader himself must answer it.
Let's summarize the main characteristics of the image of the Box
Household
Has business acumen
Practical
Thrifty
petty
hypocritical
suspicious
Limited
Only cares about his own benefit
Obsessed with hoarding
Religious, but without true spirituality
superstitious
The symbolism of the surname of the landowner
Symbolism is an important artistic tool in the hands of a writer. In Gogol's poem "Dead Souls" all the names of the landowners are symbolic. Our heroine is no exception. A box is a diminutive derivative of the word "box", that is, an inanimate object. So in the image of the Box there are few living features, it is turned to the past, it has no real life, development - personal, spiritual. A real "dead soul".
People store various things in a box - just like the Box is absorbed in hoarding solely for the sake of money itself, it does not have any global goal for which this money can be spent. She just puts them in bags.
Well, the walls of the box are solid, like the mind of the Box. She is stupid and limited.
As for the diminutive suffix, the author, perhaps, wanted to show the harmlessness and some kind of comic character.
Description of the presentation on individual slides:
1 slide
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NV Gogol "Dead Souls" Images of landlords. Korobochka Completed by: Anastasia Devitaeva, student of grade 9A, MBOU secondary school No. 23, Novosibirsk supervisor: Elena V. Labodina
2 slide
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Box. Description of appearance The meaning of the name: thrift, incredulity, stupidity, stubbornness. “... The hostess entered, an elderly woman, in some kind of sleeping cap, put on hastily, with a flannel around her neck ...”. Almost the same details of clothing are repeated in the portrait, but Gogol does not pay attention to the face and eyes, as if they were not there - this is an emphasis on her lack of spirituality.
3 slide
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Box. Characteristics “One of those mothers, small landowners, who cry for crop failures, losses and keep their heads somewhat to one side, and meanwhile they collect a little money in colorful bags placed in drawers of chests of drawers. All the coins are taken into one bag, fifty dollars into another, quarters into the third, although it looks like there is nothing in the chest of drawers except linen and night blouses ... the old woman is thrifty ... ". A typical small landowner is the owner of 80 souls of serfs. The box is a housewife.
4 slide
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Box. Characteristics Its main feature is petty stinginess. Limited, stubborn, suspicious. The meaning of the surname: the landowner is enclosed in a "box" of her space and her concepts. Korobochka's thriftiness is her only virtue. Gogol speaks of this type of people: “... a different and respectable, and statesman ... person, but in reality it turns out to be a perfect Korobochka. Once you’ve nailed something into your head, you can’t overpower it with anything, no matter how many arguments you present to him, clear as day, everything bounces off him, like a rubber ball bounces off a wall.
5 slide
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Box. The estate She has a “good village”, the yard is full of all kinds of birds, there are “spacious vegetable gardens with cabbage, onions, potatoes, beets and other household vegetables”, there are “apple trees and other fruit trees”. "Abundant farming" herself leads and devotes a lot of time to it. A large number of dogs in the village indicates that the owner cares about the safety of her condition. He saves money, however, he does not know how to dispose of it - they are dead weight. There are bunches of herbs everywhere. An important detail is the hoarse wall clock, which every time unexpectedly breaks the silence of the house and gives a feeling of remoteness from life. Everything lies in its place, there are even ropes that "are no longer needed anywhere."
6 slide
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7 slide
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Box. Furnishing details The prudence of the Box is depicted by the author as almost absurd: among the many useful and necessary items, there are those that “are no longer needed anywhere”. The pettiness, limited interests of Korobochka are emphasized by bird-animal images: Bobrov, Svinin; Chichikov, who had fallen out of the britzka, had mud on his back and side, "like a boar's"; the scarecrow in the hostess's cap is Korobochka's parody double. Things in the house reflect her naive idea of beauty and her circle of entertainment (darning, fortune-telling, cooking).
8 slide
Description of the slide:
Box. Lifestyle Box's mental horizons are extremely limited. Gogol emphasizes her stupidity, ignorance, superstition, points out that her behavior is guided by self-interest, a passion for profit. She is very afraid of "cheapening" when selling. Everything “new and unprecedented” scares her.
9 slide
Description of the slide:
Box. The reaction to Chichikov's proposal Everything "new and unprecedented" frightens her, her unwillingness to sell "dead souls" is also explained by the fact that she has been striving for hoarding all her life, and believes that they can somehow come in handy on the farm. She shows a complete misunderstanding of the meaning of this deal, a fear of selling too cheap and being deceived (she goes to the city to find out "how much dead souls go today").
