Moore- an ancient Russian city in the southeast of the Vladimir region. It has stood on the Oka River for more than 11 centuries. The name of the city was left by the Finno-Ugric tribes “Muroma”, who lived here 15 centuries ago. Murom is a city of numerous legends and traditions. This is the birthplace of the most famous and mysterious Russian hero - Ilya Muromets. The famous Murom dense forests with the robber nightingale, the Murom path and three pines. The land is epic and fabulous.
According to an old legend, in the 13th century. The werewolf Serpent lived in these places. He brought a lot of grief to the people of Murom. At that time, Prince Peter ruled the city. He got hold of a fabulous treasure sword and defeated a terrible enemy. But poisonous drops of the dragon’s blood fell on the prince and Peter fell ill with a fatal disease. A simple godmother, Fevronya, saved him from a serious illness. But with one condition - the prince had to marry her. Peter married his savior. But the arrogant and envious boyars did not recognize the princess and drove Fevronya out of Murom. But the prince also went into exile following his wife.
Civil strife and unrest began in the city. The people of Murom could not live without a ruler and asked the prince and princess to return to Murom.
Peter and Fevronya lived a long life in love and harmony, and died on the same day and hour. The couple bequeathed to put them in one stone tomb. But the Murom residents disobeyed, and in the morning the couple ended up together. They were separated again, but the miracle happened again. So they left the lovers nearby.
The Russian Church canonized Peter and Fevronya as patrons of marital love and family happiness. In 2003, Murom residents proposed declaring the day of Saints Peter and Fevronya, July 8, a Russian Valentine's Day.
Ancient Russian history can be felt throughout the entire city of Murom. At the entrance to the city there are three pine trees and an epic stone in memory of the glorious hero - defender of the Russian land.
Golden-domed churches and white-stone monasteries preserve the spirit of eternity and holiness. There are four active monasteries in Murom. The oldest one is more than 900 years old. Murom is an epic Russian city, the keeper of Russian antiquity.
The story of an attempt by employees of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for Moscow to detain the representative of the head of the Chechen Republic in Ukraine, Ramzan Tsitsulaev, received an unexpected continuation. The head of the 22nd department of the capital's Criminal Investigation Department, Oleg Galich, who led this operation, was removed from his post, after which he submitted his resignation. Galich is a legendary detective of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department - he took part in solving dozens of high-profile crimes, and also personally detained most of the leaders of the Orekhovskaya group.
The Rosbalt correspondent learned the details of the operation against Ramzan Tsitsulaev. He came to the attention of operatives in connection with the development of a number of frauds related to the business of illegal cash withdrawals. Disagreements arose between the organizers of one of the “cash out” channels, which is why a large amount of money (several hundred million rubles) was “stuck” among businessmen who used this channel. Among them was businessman Novikov, who was supposed to “cash out” more than 100 million rubles. He could not “resolve” the situation on his own, so he turned to his friend Ramzan Tsitsulaev for help.
Retired police colonel, honorary employee of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department, holder of the Order of Courage Mikhail Vasilyevich SUNTSOV served in the criminal investigation department in various positions, and all the years the “privilege” of his and his colleagues’ service was colossal work at the risk of life.
On May 10, 1983, 25-year-old criminal intelligence officer Lieutenant Mikhail Suntsov had his first day of work at the 63rd police station.
The young officer had two years of compulsory and five years of extended service in the operational units of the internal troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs and a higher education received at the State Central Order of Lenin Institute of Physical Culture...
Experienced colleagues helped me understand the basics of detective work.
I had to work with different people, many of whom were memorable. I remember Oleg Petrovich Fedin especially warmly today. He became my first mentor at the police department. Captain, senior operative, specialist in juvenile delinquency. Teenagers were no less naughty then than they are now. Numerous offices, which were located in some semi-basements, without security and the necessary protection, especially suffered from their raids. Once in one of the apartments we found several dozen calculating and typewriters. Why so much, the boy could not explain. Fedin “cracked” youngsters like nuts, something worked for me, but then, in the first year of service, Oleg Petrovich’s lessons were very useful. He would say, “Sit down next to me and listen,” and he would light up a Belomorina and start talking to yet another guilty youngster.
Mikhail Vasilyevich understood that in order to competently conduct operational work, one had to know a lot. Graduated from special courses. I thoroughly studied the territory. He gave the following example. There were no forensic experts in the departments, but each police department had an “expert’s suitcase,” so Suntsov studied it in order to independently conduct an inspection of the crime scene and record traces of crimes for subsequent examinations and research.
Family traditions did not allow being on the sidelines. Several generations of Suntsovs, starting from the Vyatka police officers of the 19th century, served the law faithfully. Mikhail Vasilyevich values the honor of his family very much. He spoke in detail about his father. In the pre-war years, Vasily Alexandrovich was a senior combat training instructor for the Moscow police. During the Great Patriotic War, he guarded particularly important industrial facilities as part of the NKVD troops. Participant in the parade of troops on Red Square on November 7, 1941. As part of the shooting skiers, whom he prepared for battle, he defended the capital. In 1974, Suntsov Sr. retired with the rank of major in the internal service. He was awarded the Order of the Great Patriotic War and the Badge of Honor, the medal “For Military Merit” and other awards.
I still remember my father’s words after joining the police force and being awarded the first officer rank. He then said: “Everything will depend on yourself.” My father’s life path has always been an example of determination, responsibility and professionalism for me.
The young officer was also taught by practice. In September 1983, the 63rd police station received an alarming call from residents of an elite building on Begovaya Street. Neighbors, seeing the slightly open door of one of the apartments, discovered the body of the owner of the apartment, Ksenia Troitskaya.
The task force that arrived at the scene of the incident, while inspecting the apartment, discovered two more corpses: the daughter of the owner Tatyana and the visiting housekeeper Nadezhda Frolova. All had obvious signs of torture. There was no doubt that robbers were operating in the home: things were scattered in the apartment, the contents of the closets were dumped on the floor. Among the chaos were rare books, but it was clear that the robbers were not interested in them. They were looking for something else.
The operational headquarters to establish all the circumstances of the triple murder and identify the criminals was located in our police department. It was headed by Gafa Khusainov, a legend of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department, in those years the head of the “homicide” department. Igor Vasilyev, Gennady Denisyuk, Alexander Vorobyov, Mikhail Pashkovsky, Sergey Masyura, Oleg Sharov, and other “bisons” of detective work worked with him. A member of the headquarters, an expert in his field, Art. Investigator for particularly important cases of the USSR Prosecutor General's Office Nikolai Fedorovich Zhabin. I also had to carry out certain tasks. Naturally, I was present when tasks were set, I saw how carefully versions were worked out, at what high level operational meetings and operational-search activities were held, how documents were prepared and executed. I gained a lot of experience. Of course, there was an incentive - what and where to strive for...
That crime was known only to a narrow circle of people, because it was part of a chain of so-called diamond murders and led to great heights. As detectives found out, 18th-century jewelry was stolen from the Troitsky mother and daughter, including a gold ring with carnelian with the image of Voltaire and a cameo with the image of Catherine II. The daughter of the owner of the apartment, Tatyana, worked as a cosmetologist in a prestigious beauty salon. When searching for the stolen property, we even had to work out the connections of the daughter of the head of state L.I. Brezhnev, Galina, a lover of unique jewelry. The work of the detectives was under the constant control of the city party committee and the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs. The headquarters was heard weekly at the capital's police department.
The painstaking work of the detectives ended in success - the “authors” of the committed criminal attack were found. It took two years. Two murderers were sentenced to capital punishment - execution, but one of them, without waiting for execution, committed suicide in his cell.
One of the troubles for our unit was the invasion of gypsies. Groups of 20 to 30 people blocked the alley along Leningradsky Prospekt between the southern and northern entrances of the Dynamo metro station, and colorful representatives of the nomadic people offered to tell everything “what was and will be, and how the heart will be calmed.” Men, as a rule, bypassed them, but the gypsies “talked” the girls, taking out their small savings. Applications were piling up, and with every week the folder with materials became more and more weighty. And then I proposed to our boss, Pyotr Stepanovich Vilkov, to equip a darkroom in the department. They found a place in the basement. By that time, I had been seriously involved in photography for many years, I had a photo sniper, lenses and practical experience. Gradually, we photographed all the gypsies who appeared and lingered in the Frunzensky district. We identified who was in each photo and created a file index. And when the victims came to the department, they were shown photographs for identification. At the next appearance of the camp, the fortune tellers were detained. I remember even a gypsy baron came with a whip in his boot. I realized that we are determined. We never saw any more noisy women with a distinctive appearance on our territory.
After the police department, Mikhail Vasilyevich briefly served in the Frunzensky district police department. From there, with the rank of senior lieutenant, he was transferred to Petrovka, 38, to the 4th department of the MUR, which was involved in solving serial crimes related to robberies and assaults. The department was headed by police colonel Nikolai Nikolaevich Kutsenko.
He received me kindly, as did other department employees - Valentin Dmitrievich Roshchin, who invited me to Petrovka, Alexey Belov, Nikolai Sazonov, Mikhail Pryadukhin. Experienced detectives, they devoted a lot of time to analyzing the situation and calculating various options for its development. We, young operas, listened carefully to detective professionals and learned to solve crimes that at first glance seemed impossible. I was very impressed by the “brain” work; it was especially useful during the years of the surge in so-called perestroika crime.
With particular warmth, Mikhail Vasilyevich said about the head of the department, Ivan Biryukov:
I am sincerely grateful to Ivan Petrovich, a talented and experienced operative, for his lessons in detective work and understanding of the criminal underworld and its leaders. For example, Ivan Petrovich very substantively dealt with the so-called mentally ill criminals who, instead of the prison, ended up in a medical institution. Many of them successfully “mowed down”, and once in a mental hospital, they escaped or found the opportunity to disappear from there for some time to commit new crimes, usually cruel and cynical. In those years, churches came into their field of vision. I had to deal with those robberies. They were carried out mainly within the Golden Ring, but stolen icons and church utensils were taken to Moscow for smuggling abroad. Together with our colleagues, both in the capital and in Yaroslavl, we have solved many such crimes.
When the wind of change blew in the country, the newly minted businessmen began to have a lot of money. In order, in their understanding, to “end the day well,” they met ladies of easy virtue. But where to spend the evening or night?
Naturally, the prostitute offered to go to a rented apartment. A wave of the hand and a taxi slows down nearby. And then everything went according to one scenario - a guest of the capital loses consciousness and is left without cash...
Reports of incidents of that time were full of reports of poisonings and robberies. Sometimes in a day in Moscow there are from three to five crimes of this kind.
The 4th Department of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department was supposed to turn the situation around.
Analysis of the crimes showed that all the victims left with prostitutes in city taxis, says Mikhail Vasilyevich. - When we worked through all the taxi fleets, we found out that the cars were the same. Taxi drivers worked in conjunction with “moths” who, acting as bait, got acquainted with visitors, added clonidine to their clients and, after waiting for its effect, informed their accomplices. However, sometimes taxi drivers robbed guests of the capital on the road...
Having come to the understanding that it all starts at the hotels, the detectives agreed with the director of the Bolshoi Theater ticket offices to allocate his personal office at night to set up an observation post. The office was on the third floor. With the help of specialists from the Murovsky NTO, they installed photo and video equipment with powerful optics, which made it possible, even in the dark, to observe what was happening near the Moscow Hotel on Marx Avenue (now Okhotny Ryad) and Herzen Street (Bolshaya Nikitskaya). The camera's field of view is excellent, and good radio communication has been established. For a month, while preparations were underway, the detectives began their working day at 16.00, leaving until well after midnight. As Suntsov noted, it was important to know who, in what cars, and at what time was arriving at the hotel. We compiled a file of taxi drivers and learned a lot about the everyday life of “night butterflies.” But it was important to catch the criminals red-handed.
One of these prepared large-scale operations, in which 14 service operational vehicles were involved, ended in success. In one of the operational “sixes,” police captain Suntsov and two more of his colleagues, Nikolai Sazonov and Vadim Usatenko, were driving.
The signal from the covert surveillance group arrived at midnight. The prostitutes with two clients got into a taxi car, which was listed in the card index. Literally 10 minutes later, the detectives receive a message: two more cars with yellow checkers have pulled up behind the observed taxi. It was clear: the comrades of the prostitutes-guides were on the hunting trail.
On Moskvoretskaya embankment, the “hunters” caught up with their “prey”, pressing the car to the curb, pulled the unaware people out of the car and took away money and personal belongings.
Now the operational vehicles took off and followed the path of the ill-fated taxi. By that time, “Naruzhka” reported that the car with the robbers was parked on Serov Drive. Along the way, operatives picked up stunned victims. However, it was not immediately possible to detain the taxi driver and his accomplices. Despite the fact that Suntsov’s colleagues jumped out of the “six” and rushed to the Volga, the taxi driver managed to escape the trap. Suntsov gave chase. He had already begun to catch up with the Volga when the unexpected happened.
Already before leaving for the Garden Ring, I noticed how men leaned out waist-deep from the windows of the Volga, in whose hands there were weapons, just like in the movies, recalls Mikhail Vasilyevich. “And then I see a flash: a huge fireball rushes towards me. As it turned out later, they shot at me from a hunting sawed-off shotgun. Shots drummed on the hood. Then they shot several more times in the direction of the “six,” and in the back of my car there were our victims, who threw themselves on the floor in horror. I didn't have time to drop them off. And yet he fired once at the wheels. He stuck his hand through the window. Having increased the distance, I reported via radio to the MUR duty officer about the current situation.
Mikhail Vasilyevich chased the criminals for a long time, trying to squeeze them out of Moscow so that the traffic police would work on the road. They actually spread a “hedgehog” on the road on the Entuziastov highway, but a kilometer before the checkpoint the bandits turned towards the Ivanovskoye district and, having crossed the MKAD bridge, rushed to the village of Kosino, throwing firearms and bladed weapons out of the car windows as they went. The taxi driver knew Moscow and its surroundings well. But this did not save him and his accomplices: several patrol cars joined the chase in time. Everyone was detained. At the trial they received decent sentences.
One of the gangs was “accepted” by the Murovites as they left the apartment. Each of the detained “guests from the south,” in addition to his own clothes, also managed to wear two suits. In the pockets are cigarette packs filled with clonidine plastic cans. Two victims were unconscious in the apartment, and if not for the timely call of doctors from the poisoning center of the Institute. Sklifosovsky, the young people would hardly have survived.
Over three months of the summer of 1988, employees of the 4th department of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department liquidated 22 criminal groups and radically changed the current situation. Each had from five to seven people, and they received from 7 to 10 years of captivity.
Mikhail Vasilyevich also remembered another arrest, when a thief in law was caught red-handed, which rarely happens. We were talking about one well-known pickpocket, Vladimir Shcherbakov, nicknamed Pigalitsa, who was born in the zone and was “crowned” by the famous thieves Brilliant and Cherkas. However, over time, Pigalitsa retrained from tweezers into the leader of a gang of robbers. The Murovites tracked their movements for a week, and took them during a robbery of an apartment on Tashkent Street with stuffed bags in their hands. Investigators call such arrests the pinnacle of detective work.
In 1986, after numerous publications in the press about thieves in law, Resolution No. 0033 “On the fight against dangerous manifestations of group crime” was adopted. In 1987, the 11th department was created at the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department, whose task was to combat dangerous manifestations of group, recidivism and organized crime. The department was headed by Gafa Khusainov.
In 1988, the top leadership of the Soviet Union recognized the existence of organized crime in the country. The USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs created the 6th Directorate to organize the fight against this dangerous phenomenon. A year later, an independent department for combating organized and group crime (OBOGP) was created at the MUR, which was headed by another professional - a native of the 2nd “homicide” department, Valery Bobryashov. Reputable professionals and future leaders of various levels of the Ministry of Internal Affairs - Vladimir Rushailo, Vladimir Kozlov, Anatoly Ilchenko, Vladimir Ponomarenko and other detectives - came to work in the department. Mikhail Suntsov was also transferred to the new unit. He worked under the leadership of detective aces Alexander Komarov and Nikolai Stepanov. They were developing a Chechen criminal group, which Mikhail Vasilyevich described as the most organized, preferring to control large commercial structures with large cash flows...
It was important to understand: how it was built, who the “soldiers” are, who the “officers”, “generals” are, what level in the hierarchy of criminal Moscow they occupied, what spheres of influence are under them.
He considers one of the successes of that time to be the suppression of the activities of a brigade of mountaineers under the leadership of the authority of Nikolai Suleymanov, nicknamed Khoza. He took control of both the legal and illegal car business in one of the largest markets in Moscow in the South Port. In addition, Khoza’s brigade, which could, if necessary, gather up to three hundred of its fellow countrymen, controlled a number of retail outlets that sold spare parts for foreign cars. The group's profile was wide - from extortion to robbery. While attempting to blackmail the chairman of the board of one of the commercial banks, employees of the unit detained the bandits. All members of the organized crime group received long prison sentences.
Three years later, the Murovsky department was transformed into the Regional Directorate for Combating Organized Crime (RUBOP), where Suntsov was transferred. Both there and later, working in the Main Directorate for Combating Organized Crime of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Suntsov, together with his colleagues, freed hundreds of hostages from Chechen slavery, including dozens of foreigners. He was the first to speak from the pages of the press about the “legalized” slave trade in Chechnya.
“During the second Chechen campaign, we seized a lot of videotapes. The militants loved to pose in front of the lenses. And I was surprised that no one thought of putting those tapes to use. We looked at them and put them aside. I set the task: to collect all the tapes, of which there were a good hundred, and with the help specialists took photographs of everyone posing in them. Their identities were gradually established, and the tapes were handed over to the prosecutor’s office of the North Caucasus to initiate a criminal case on the fact of participation in illegal armed groups. Over time, almost everyone who remained alive was found ... "
A veteran of labor, a veteran of military operations, since 2002 - Advisor to the General Director of Severstal OJSC on security, Mikhail Vasilyevich is actively involved in public work in the Council of Veterans of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department. “I, like other detective veterans, am proud that the detectives from Petrovka honor traditions and hold high the bar of the legendary service, continuing to solve the most complex and complicated crimes. Our Council provides tremendous assistance to the leadership of the capital’s criminal investigation department in the moral and patriotic education of young people. Service veterans convey invaluable experience for young employees. Whenever possible, we also provide logistical assistance. We actively cooperate with the media. Our veterans act as consultants in the creation of documentaries, for example, they were the main consultants in the film “Legends of Russian Investigation.” , if required.
Many people probably remember the case of the Bitsa murderer. In total, sixty pensioners became victims. And then our veteran detectives went to the park. They dressed up as homeless people or simply walked through the park as pensioners, attracting the attention of a potential criminal. And the killer was detained! Four veterans received government awards!"
On October 5, 1918, a resolution of the NKVD of the RSFSR approved the Regulations on the organization of criminal investigation departments. This is how the famous MUR appeared.
In accordance with the Regulations, all existing criminal investigation institutions were reorganized, and the general management of local criminal investigation was entrusted to the Central Criminal Investigation Department, organized within the Main Directorate of the Workers' and Peasants' Militia of the NKVD of the RSFSR.
After the October Revolution, the entire staff of the Moscow criminal investigation department, headed by its chief Marshal, remained in place and recognized Soviet power. Experienced specialists who personally know hundreds of criminals by sight, capable of unmistakably identifying a criminal by nickname or “handwriting”, employees of the pre-revolutionary criminal investigation department were highly valued by the leadership of the Moscow police, they were also entrusted with the task of training new employees sent to the MUR from among workers and soldiers and Baltic sailors.
By mid-1918, over 30 large gangs of professional criminals were operating in the capital. In January 1919 alone, they carried out 60 daring armed attacks, accompanied by murder and violence. The bandits sought not only to keep the city population in fear, but also to intimidate law enforcement officials. It became increasingly obvious that banditry was taking on a political character and was beginning to undermine the foundations of statehood.
Already in the early 20s, the criminal investigation department was responsible for solving all crimes that were not of a political nature. In January 1919, on the direct orders of the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Soviet Russia, V.I. Lenin, a general plan for measures to combat banditry in the new capital, Moscow, was being developed.
According to this plan, all responsibility for the fight against criminal crime was assigned to the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department.
The active work of MUR employees led to the fact that already in 1920 the number of robberies decreased by three times compared to 1919, robberies by nine times, and the number of murders decreased by one third. The following were liquidated: the Saban gang, whose members, having learned about the impending detention of their leader, shot dead 16 policemen on duty in different areas of Moscow within one day, the Zyuzyuki and Kazuli gang, numbering 34 people, who committed armed robberies of the Bogatyr factory cash register, Volzhsko- Kama Bank and a number of firms and cooperatives in the amount of over 2,300,000 rubles, accompanied by human casualties; Gusek's gang of 13 people, who killed two police officers during raids; a gang of 20 people who committed a robbery of an artel worker who was carrying 290 million rubles from Narodny Bank, killing and injuring two security guards; gangs of Golitsyn (“Prince”), Seleznev (“Plague”), Kapustin and many others. The employees of the special anti-banditry group created at the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department in the early 1920s made a great contribution to the liquidation of many gangs and the detention of individual professional bandits. Even among the Murovites, there were stories about the courage and dedication of these people that resembled legends. And no wonder. The employees of this group were constantly between life and death: they went to all operations to defeat gangs and apprehend dangerous criminals. And in those days, not a single such operation took place without fierce armed resistance from bandits. The group had its own motto: “Don’t say how many criminals there are, tell me where they are!” And your rule: “If you want to stay alive, be able to shoot better than the bandit and half a second before him.” And this is not bravado or bravado. Risking your life for the sake of the lives of others is the civic principle of a MUR employee.
The successes of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department in the fight against banditry and criminality in 1919 earned it a well-deserved reputation as one of the best investigative agencies in the country.
The names of the first head of the MUR, Alexander Maksimovich Trepalov, a former Baltic sailor, (under the guise of a criminal, he infiltrated the Khitrov Market gang of 83 people, which allowed the Murovites to liquidate it with one blow) and his associates - V.M. Saushkin, P.G. Sekachev, I.T. Golikov and D.S. Sharomentov. It was they and their comrades, neglecting danger, forgetting about rest, who tracked down and neutralized the bandits, who often surpassed them in weapons, and most importantly, in experience. It was they who laid down the traditions sacredly revered by all generations of Murovites.
A significant contribution to the development and enhancement of these traditions was made by professionals of the highest class, such as I.A. Svitnev, who distinguished himself in 1918 while searching for criminals who stole valuables from the patriarchal sacristy of the Moscow Kremlin, and was considered in the 30s one of the most experienced and talented employees of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department, assistant to the head of the MUR A.P. Panov, who with his colleagues neutralized the Kotov gang, which was responsible for more than ten robberies with murders, including the murder of the Morozov family of 6 people.
Unfortunately, the detention of criminals was not always without losses. Only in the period from 1917 to 1922. In Moscow, 12 criminal investigation officers were killed in the line of duty.
In 1940, there was a change in the organization of criminal investigation activities. According to the order of the NKVD of the USSR, all criminal investigation apparatuses were obliged to reorganize operational and official activities along a linear principle. Operative workers were divided into groups to combat specific types of crimes. Deepening specialization created the preconditions for improving crime prevention.
11 departments were created at the MUR, specializing in the fight against certain types of crimes, the staff was increased, and a special operational detachment was placed at the disposal of the Department. Based on the conditions of the aggravated international situation and the threat of war, a paramilitary battalion was also created, consisting of three combat companies, a team of motorists, a platoon of scooter riders (cyclists) and a machine gun company. L.D. Vul was appointed the first battalion commander.
During the Great Patriotic War, a significant part of the leadership and operational staff of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department joined the ranks of regular units of the Red Army, partisan detachments and fighter battalions that successfully operated behind enemy lines. The military situation left its mark on the nature of crime. Food difficulties caused by the war and the introduction of a food rationing system once again revived crimes that Muscovites had not seen for many years. Among them are armed raids on food stores, warehouses, bases, theft of food products, forgery of food cards, and new types of fraud. The Murovites considered one of their most important tasks to be identifying thieves of food cards who doomed their victims to starvation. So, MUR officers detained a certain Ovchinnikova, who committed more than 60 card thefts.
For several war years, the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department was headed by K. Rudin, who had extensive experience in security and investigative work. Awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Badge of Honor, he himself periodically took part in operations to apprehend dangerous criminals. His deputy was the legendary Grigory Tylner, who began serving in the Soviet criminal investigation department back in 1917, rising through the ranks from agent to deputy head of the Department. Together with his colleagues in the fall of 1941, at the request of counterintelligence Smersh, he found a German encryption machine, which was of great value to the military command, which was stolen (as it later turned out by hungry children) from a truck during transportation, and thereby saved from the inevitable verdict of the tribunal, the entire convoy accompanying the cargo.
In October 1941, under the leadership of Tylner, a gang of Shablov brothers of 15 people, engaged in armed raids on food warehouses, was liquidated.
In 1942, the Murovites neutralized the “Gypsy” gang, which included 10 people. The gang “cleared” the apartments of Muscovites evacuated or called up to the front. More than 10 such gangs were identified and detained in 1942-1943. The work of catching enemy spies and rocket men who helped the Germans with light signals during air raids took a lot of time and effort from the MUR employees; the Murovites also had to neutralize enemy paratroopers. During the war years, MUR employees neutralized many Nazi agents, signalmen, deserters, and other enemy collaborators.
In the difficult post-war period, the operational situation in the capital was complicated by the fact that the population had a lot of firearms in their hands. Touring criminals from almost all regions of the country flocked to the city. Unjustified mass amnesties for criminals also played their unseemly role. In this regard, the example of the criminal-swindler Vaisman is typical. A pickpocket since the age of ten, since 1923 he has been involved in thefts in various cities of the country, he has been convicted 9 times, escaped from prison 7 times, and during his last escape he froze his legs, as a result of which they were amputated. In 1945 he was released from the camp. Having received disability, Vaisman changed his criminal classification and began to engage in fraud. Under the guise of a twice Hero of the Soviet Union, who was injured during the capture of Berlin, he sought a reception from the heads of various ministries. At the same time, Vaisman, armed with fictitious certificates, introduced himself as a former employee of an enterprise of this ministry and asked to be given benefits. The total amount of benefits that he received from various ministries and departments amounted to a significant amount in money and material assets. In May 1947, he was detained by MUR officers during a similar visit to the Ministry of Heavy Engineering.
The grave legacy of the war was child homelessness, which created fertile ground for the growth of crimes among young people. At the end of 1945, hooliganism intensified among street teenagers, who intimidated the population by throwing notes warning about the upcoming raid of the Black Cat gang (crushed by the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department back in early 1945), causing fear among the population of an allegedly existing strong criminal gang.
On December 14, 1945, having committed a burglary on the street. Usachev, the criminals left a note with the following text: “Took by the Black Cat.” As a result of the work carried out, a criminal group consisting of 5 people was detained. On December 17, 1945, a gang of robbers led by V.P. Orlov and calling herself “The Black Cat from Kharkov,” committed an armed robbery at the Karyagins’ apartment. Murovites detained four people in this case.
At the beginning of 1947, Moscow was literally hit by a wave of thefts from prestigious hotel rooms. Here are just a few of them: on March 3, in the National, 5,500 rubles, 2 gold rings, 2 medallions, a silver bracelet, expensive binoculars and a camera were stolen from the room of an employee of the Czechoslovak embassy; on March 17, in the Savoy, pearl cufflinks were stolen from the room of a French trade adviser. and a set of seven gold objects, on April 6, a briefcase with documents from one of the most important factories in the country was stolen in “Europe”. The latest episode forced the MUR employees to especially intensify the search for thieves. As a result, on April 21, while committing a theft at the National Hotel in the room of the Brazilian Ambassador, a certain Rzhepetsky was detained, from whom, during an inspection, things and valuables worth more than 4,000 rubles stolen in the room were seized, and in the hotel lobby, the Murovites detained citizen Semenova - Rzhepetsky's cohabitant and active assistant in the sale of stolen goods.
In May 1948, MUR operatives neutralized the Kachalin and Narizhny gang of 12 people, which in 1947-48. committed a number of armed robberies of savings banks and stores.
In 1951, the Murovites uncovered the theft of a large sum of money from the cash register of the Central House of the Soviet Army. 460,000 rubles were stolen. Within a few days, carefully collected evidence exposed the chief accountant of the CDSA financial department of the crime. In the second half of 1951, the MUR solved 82.3% of crimes committed in Moscow.
In 1953, Mitin's gang of six people, which was involved in raids on stores, was liquidated. The description of the gang's activities amounted to 14 volumes of the criminal case. Eight victims were killed, three were seriously injured, more than ten people received serious mental injuries and lost their ability to work. The state suffered damage amounting to more than 300 thousand rubles. The leader of the gang and his first assistant, Samarin, were sentenced to capital punishment, the rest to long terms of imprisonment.
In 1963 A particularly dangerous criminal, Ionesyan, has been identified and detained, who committed the murders of three teenagers, two elderly women, rape and the attempted murder of a 15-year-old schoolgirl in Moscow and Ivanovo for the purpose of robbing apartments. According to the court verdict, Ionesyan was shot.
In 1968, several particularly brutal murders of minor girls were committed with preliminary rape. The corpses of two of them, students of the Moscow Energy Institute, were found in the attic of the educational building. The group for solving these crimes, in addition to operatives, included 23 NTO experts. As a result of many months of work, 30-year-old Gusakov was detained and confessed to five murders with rape, committed by him over the course of 4 years. In addition, he was accused of attempting to commit a similar crime against two more girls, which did not take place due to the desperate resistance of the latter. The court sentenced V. Gusakov to death. The sentence has been carried out.
In the 70s, the principle of specialization of employees in the main areas of work was introduced in the activities of the Capital Criminal Investigation Department. Instead of the previously existing departments, criminal investigation departments of the police department were created. In order to disseminate and implement best practices, the UUR issued methodological recommendations and held meetings and seminars. The Department organized an internship for young employees of the Department of Internal Affairs. The MUR continued to wage a daily war against crime.
On November 3, 1973, a Yak-40 aircraft was hijacked in the air near Moscow. There were four criminals, all armed. Among the passengers there were wounded, including a seriously injured flight mechanic who resisted the bandits. The plane was landed at a Moscow airfield. The capture group of MUR employees was led by Captain Popryadukhin. The operation to neutralize the criminals took ten minutes. When one of them was killed and one wounded during a fierce firefight, the rest surrendered. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Popryadukhin was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
The undoubted successes of Moscow detectives include the detention of the Karpukha (Filin) gang, which robbed visitors to Moscow, and was responsible for more than 20 episodes of robberies; the discovery of the 1975 explosions in the metro at the Pervomaiskaya station and on Lubyanka Square, committed by a gang of Armenian terrorists; detention of Kalachyan’s gang of thieves of 5 people who committed the theft of 1.5 million rubles from a bank in Yerevan in 1977; exposing a criminal group of drug addicts who robbed emergency doctors; solving thefts from the apartments of Oistrakh, Shestokovich, the robbery of the house of the Alexei Tolstoy Museum and many, many others.
One of the most notorious crimes in the early 80s was the theft from the apartment of the writer and academician A.N. Tolstoy, where paintings by Dutch masters, sculptures, unique candlesticks, gold and diamond jewelry were stolen. The group to solve this crime included the best detectives from Murovsk, and was headed by the deputy head of the MUR, police colonel A. Gelfreich. Thanks to the high professional skills of the employees, the organizers of the theft - the photographer of the Literary Museum Vitkauskas and his friend Loginina - were detained literally in a matter of days. In total, 8 people were involved in the theft (including two perpetrators) - they were detained in Leningrad, Odessa, Baku and Chisinau.
The operational and official activities of criminal investigation officers are constantly being improved, the forms and methods of fighting crime are changing. Thus, in the late 80s, a department for combating organized crime was created at the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department, which was subsequently reorganized into the Regional Directorate; at the same time, the function of combating prostitution was excluded from the “field” of criminal investigation activities.
Since 1985 quantitative and qualitative characteristics of crime have undergone significant changes. To a greater extent, her condition began to be determined by grave and especially grave types of criminal attacks. In this regard, permanent investigative and operational groups were created to solve intentional murders committed in conditions of non-obviousness, which included employees of the city prosecutor's office and the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department. Their role was to directly ensure a high-quality inspection of the crime scene, detection, recording and removal of traces of the crime, working “hot on the trail”, as well as to solve murders of past years, the cases of which were suspended.
Organized criminal groups, the rapid professionalization of the criminal world, the increasing armament of the population, and the emergence of facts of criminal terror have an increasing influence on the state of the operational situation.
Among modern criminals there is a large percentage of people with higher and even legal education, highly qualified specialists in all fields. At their service are high-speed cars, night vision devices, and listening devices. Weapons of all systems are in use - from automatic to grenade launchers. “Contract” murders, extortion, and kidnapping of children for ransom are becoming widespread. Explosives are increasingly used for physical elimination.
Crimes that were previously uncharacteristic of our society have appeared. Back in 1993, not a single case of banditry was registered, and in 1997, the capital’s law enforcement agencies were already investigating 33 such cases.
In conditions of social and political instability, the internal affairs bodies were subjected to structural organizational restructuring, which caused a significant outflow of experienced and most professionally competent criminal investigation officers. However, despite significant material and, mainly, moral costs, the modern Criminal Investigation Department has preserved the professional core of the service and the traditions laid down by the older generations of Murovites.
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Legendary detective of the Moscow Criminal Investigation Department, head of the 22nd department of the capital's criminal investigation department Oleg Galich fired after police tried to detain a representative of the head of the Chechen Republic in Ukraine Ramzana Tsitsulaeva, writes Rosbalt.Operation to detain a representative Ramzan Kadyrov Galich was in charge. After this, he was removed from office, after which he submitted his resignation. It must be emphasized that he took part in solving dozens of high-profile crimes and personally detained most of the leaders of the Orekhovskaya group.
As far as the newspaper knows, Tsitsulaev came to the attention of operatives in connection with the development of a number of frauds related to the business of illegal cash withdrawals. The organizers of one of the “cash out” channels did not share something and started a dispute. As a result, several hundred million rubles were stuck with businessmen who used this channel. Among them was an entrepreneur, a certain Novikov. He was supposed to “cash out” more than 100 million rubles. He couldn’t cope with the problem on his own, so he asked his friend Ramzan Tsitsulaev for help, the publication writes.
On August 19, 2014, one of the organizers of the “cash out” channel, a native of Chechnya, Zakriev, was kidnapped in Moscow. Together with his bodyguard, he was brought to an apartment, where he was forced to write a receipt stating that he owed Novikov 109 million rubles. After this, the man was released, and he contacted law enforcement agencies. They opened a case in which Novikov and another employee of the Internal Security Directorate of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation for Moscow were detained. The investigation suspects that the policeman is involved in the conflict surrounding the cash-out channel.
After this, as Rosbalt found out in law enforcement agencies, Tsutsulaev came to Novikov’s wife and invited her to organize the release of her husband from custody. He asked for 500 thousand euros for his services.
Time passed, no one released Novikov, and the plenipotentiary representative of the head of Chechnya allegedly began to demand the entire amount from the woman, declaring that he had already paid his own money for “solving the problem.”
Novikov’s wife went to the police and then acted under the control of operatives. She handed over the first tranche to Tsitsulaev - 50 thousand euros. This fact was recorded by audio and video equipment. They decided to detain the Chechen official on November 19 when receiving the second tranche of money at the Golden Ring Hotel.
“Already on the approach to the hotel there were cars with so-called “beacons”: the Chechen residents in them were watching to see if there was any threat on the street,” the agency’s source said. - Inside the “Golden Ring” there were still a large number of residents of Chechnya. In such a situation, SOBR soldiers, even dressed in civilian clothes, could not set up an ambush inside the premises. They settled in a minibus near the entrance to the hotel. Several operatives walked inside, whose appearance was not striking.”
Tsutsukaev received a package with “money” (but in fact a doll), and the police tried to detain him. However, several dozen people rushed to the aid of the populist representative of the head of Chechnya. A fight broke out, and SOBR soldiers received a command to arrive at the hotel. While the melee was going on, Tsitsulaev took advantage of the moment: accompanied by several bodyguards, he disappeared into the back rooms, and then left the Golden Ring through the back door.
Three attackers on the police were detained. According to the publication, among them is Ramzan Tsitsulaev’s cousin named Salambek, another native of Chechnya, as well as a former employee of the Ukrainian special forces “Berkut” Dmitry Tkachenko. According to the operatives, they all served as Tsitsulaev’s security guards.
On the same day, the Investigative Committee opened a criminal case into the incident under the article “Use of violence against a representative of the authorities.” An investigation was also launched into fraud committed against Novikov’s wife. The Khamovnichesky court arrested three of Tsitsulaev’s guards for two months.
But after that everything suddenly turned upside down. It was officially announced that Galich poorly organized the operation at the hotel, which is why Tsitsulaev fled. Allegedly because of this, the head of the criminal investigation department was “removed” to the side.
Galich's colleagues believe that there may be other motives for the attacks on him. “Galich detained the Orekhovsky killers, who were responsible for dozens of murders. And he never made any mistakes. Here he acted solely based on the current situation. The appearance of special forces soldiers at the hotel, even in disguise, would have disrupted the entire operation. We all understand why he was removed from his post... First, threats began to come to the operas participating in the operation, then their leader was removed. We don’t submit reports en masse yet, but we really want to do it. A real professional is being “removed” for doing his job,” several MUR employees told the agency.
Oleg Galich has been developing the participants and leaders of the Orekhovskaya group for more than ten years. He detained its leaders even on Spanish territory. In addition, Galich solved dozens of high-profile crimes, including the investigation into the murder of lawyer Sergei Biryukov. For organizing this crime, Dmitry Maksimov, an employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, was detained and then convicted.
Tsitsulaev's version
According to Kommersant, Tsitsulaev began “self-purification”: they say, it’s not his fault, she came herself. According to him, Novikova embarrassed him. She allegedly called him on his mobile phone about a month ago and asked for help. At the same time, the plenipotentiary decided to analyze the circumstances of the accusations against Novikov and realized: it’s true, they say, something is wrong here. He claims that the prisoner was deceived by his accomplices, who “attributed” other people’s sins to him. Having come to this conclusion, Tsitsulaev decided to help the lady. “He recommended good lawyers, gave them an idea of the prices for their services, but immediately made a reservation that she would have to conduct specific negotiations on payment herself when meeting with the lawyers,” he said.
On November 19, Tsitsulaev said, the woman demanded a personal meeting, and urgently. Then, when they crossed paths, Novikova allegedly tried to hand him a large black bag. At that moment three people pounced on him and grabbed him by the arms. After two relatives of the plenipotentiary and fighter Tkachenko were able to block the attackers, who were in civilian clothes, Tsitsulaev himself, in his words, “ took his purse and phones and left».
“The operatives did not take a security support group armed with machine guns and equipped with bulletproof vests into the restaurant with them, so as not to frighten the visitors, having decided to carry out the initial stage of the operation on their own. And when the special forces broke into the Golden Ring, all they had to do was pick up their colleagues from the floor and put the plenipotentiary’s guards in their places. They failed to find Mr. Tsitsulaev himself,” the publication writes.
Personal file of Tsitsulaev
Tsitsulaev Ramzan Lemaevich was born on January 4, 1966 in the Urus-Martan region of Chechnya. He graduated from a technical school in Grozny (1984), and the history department of the Chechen-Ingush State University (1992). In 1985-1987 he served in military service in Ukraine. In his own words, soon after completing his service he returned to live in Ukraine.
In 2002-2004, he was an adviser to the special representative of the Russian President for ensuring human and civil rights and freedoms in Chechnya, Abdul-Khakim Sultygov. Since 2004, he was his assistant as coordinator of the United Russia party for national policy and interaction with religious associations. Since 2009, he has worked as an advisor to the director of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Since June 2010 - representative of Chechen President Ramzan Kadyrov in Ukraine, since October of the same year - Ramzan Kadyrov's assistant for external relations. He also appeared in the media as one of the organizers of the All-Ukrainian public organization “Diaspora of the Chechen People” and a number of charity events to help sick children and refugees from eastern Ukraine.
In December 2013, Mr. Tsitsulaev acted as a representative of immigrants from Chechnya who claimed rights to a 40 percent stake in the Novgorod-based JSC Splav Corporation. At the same time, the Chechen Ministry of Internal Affairs opened a case against the ex-general director of Splav. The investment company A1 (part of Mikhail Fridman's Alfa Group) linked the criminal prosecution with an attempt to seize the enterprise.
In May 2014, Tsitsulaev, by order of Kadyrov, dealt with the release of Lifenews journalists Oleg Sidyakin and Marat Saychenko, captured by Ukrainian security forces.
In 2011, at the University of Transport, he defended his dissertation for a candidate of political sciences on the topic “Preventing territorial disintegration as a priority of the regional policy of a modern state.”
